Road Map for Peace, 2003

The Road Map was developed by the United States, under the leadership of President George W Bush. It was a step-by-step plan to resolve the Israel-Palestine conflict. The Road Map was accepted by the UN Security Council and by Arab leaders including the Palestinians, but the Israeli government expressed strong reservations.

• Phase I, to be completed by May 2003, included - Mutual recognition.
• End to Palestinian violence.
• Israeli troops to withdraw to positions occupied before the Second Intifada.
• Freeze on settlement expansion.
• Dismantling of settlement outposts built since 2001.

Phase II, June-December 2003, included the establishment of an independent Palestinian State with provisional borders.
Phase III, 2004-5, would complete a Permanent Status Agreement.
At the Annapolis Conference in November both sides expressed their continued support for the principles of the Road Map. It was effectively ended by Operation Cast Lead in December 2008, and finally abandoned when George W Bush ended his term as President in January 2009.
See also the Geneva Initiative and the Oslo Accords.